No. Applications developed in Access require some version of Access to run.
However, there is a Runtime version of Access available. It is actually the
same set of files as the retail version (so the machine requirements are the
same), but it has limited functionality (Runtime users can't create any
forms, reports, databases, etc., no "built-in" toolbars - only those
supplied by the developer, etc.)
Prior to Office 2003, the "Developers Editions" of Access/Office included a
license for the royalty-free distribution of the Runtime files with your
application. For Office 2003 the Runtime files are part of the Access
Developers Extensions included in the Visual Studio Tools for Office 2003
box or MSDN Universal subscription. For more information on what to look
for, depending on your version:
http://www.granite.ab.ca/access/developereditionversions.htm
HTH,