Which 10 do you wish to use?
One possibility with your data in A1 to A100 put this formula in B1 and
copy down to B10.
=INDEX(A:A,ROWS($1:1)*10)
This will place every tenth value into column B.
Use the advanced filter, as criteria range you can use
Header
a
b
f
h
k
where Header is the name of the header and a, b, f, h, k are 5 values you
want to filter for, you obviously would have 10 values. Then select the
table, do data>filter>advanced filter, preferably use copy to another
location, as criteria range use the range where you put your criteria, for
example