Well, that's interesting, but I don't see the relevance to Excel.
An excerpt from a walkthrough for the video game Golden Sun 2 might help (of
all the places). It (by Iron Knuckle) speaks of the maximum health of an
antagonist you must batlle:
Dullhan's HP in Monster Battle & Hard Mode
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It is widely known that Dullahan has 16000 HP in combat during regular
gameplay. Many people also know that Hard Mode features enemies that have
150% of normal HP and 125% ATK and DEF. So naturally one would think that
Dullahan has 24000 HP, but this is not true!
The game cannot give creature more HP than 16383, for the following
reason. HP is stored in two bytes each containing 8 bits (oddly the first
bit isn't used at all, which means 15 bits only), but the value is signed
hence the first bit determines plus or minus. So we have fourteen bits 2^14
- 1 = 16383, which is the maximal value for enemy HP!
Lucky you, or else it would have been 24000! This saves you 7617 HP, but
then again you still have to worry about his increased attack and defense
power. On the other hand Summons grow stronger as the maximum HP gets
larger so it might actually become even easier to beat big D. BTW: the same
thing applies to Valukar, his HP would exceed this value as well but is
bounded too in Hard Mode.